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Arjona (Municipality, Andalusia, Spain)

Flag of Arjona - Image by Ivan Sache, 17 January 2017

Presentation of Arjona
Symbols of Arjona

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Presentation of Arjona

The municipality of Arjona (5,691 inhabitants in 2016; 15,845 ha) is located 50 km of Jaén.

Arjona has been identified with the Roman town of Urgavo / Urgavo Alba; after having supported Caesar during the Civil War, the town was granted a privileged status. Some scholars claim that Helvia, the wife of the rhetorician Seneca the Elder and the mother of the philosopher Seneca the Younger, was born in Urgavo (biography). The word "urgabonense" is still used to designate a native of Arjona.

After the Muslim conquest, the town was renamed Aryuna. The Almohad watertank is the oldest component of the town preserved until now. During the unrest that followed the fall of the Caliphate of Córdoba, Aryuna, protected by thick walls, was the stronghold of the powerful Banu Bayila clan. They were succeeded in the beginning of the 12th century by the Banu Nasr, who had been expelled from Saragossa by King Alfonso I.
Mohammed ibn Nasr (1191-1273) proclaimed himself Sultan of Aryuna in 1232. He conquered several neighbouring towns and transferred his capital to Jaén the next year. Ibn Nasr had to submit for a few years to Ibn Hud, who had been confirmed governor of Al-Andalus by the Caliph of Baghdad. Soon after the assassination of Ibn Hud in 1237, Ibn Nasri conquered Almería, Málaga and Granada, proclaiming himself King of Granada as Mohammed I Alhamar (the Red). This event founded the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada, which was eventually suppressed by the Catholic Monarchs in 1492.

Ivan Sache, 17 January 2017

Symbols of Arjona

The flag of Arjona (photo) is horizontally divided light blue-yellow-white-green. The flag does not appear to have been officially registered.

Ivan Sache, 17 January 2017