Last modified: 2022-10-14 by ivan sache
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![[Flag]](../images/t/tr_tp.gif)
Flag of Turkish Petroleum - Image by Ivan Sache, 26 November 2016
TP (website) was established on 12 December 1954 by Law No. 632, one year after the inauguration of the Batman refinery. TP inaugurated its first fuel stations in 1963, while the Batman-Dörtyol became operational in 1967, followed by the Adıyaman-Sarıl pipeline (1972). Off-shore oil production was initiated in 1997 in Kuzey (Marmara Sea).
Reorganized in 1983, TP is currently involved in:
- Exploration, drilling, production and well completion;
- Natural gas storage;
- Participation to oil and natural gas pipeline projects.
The flag of Turkish Petroleum (photo, photo) is white with the company's emblem in the middle.
Ivan Sache, 26 November 2016
Turkish Petroleum International Company
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr_tpic.gif)
Flag of TPIC - Image by Ivan Sache, 29 November 2016
Turkish Petroleum International Company (TPIC; website), founded as 100% state owned company in 1988, is an international company conducting activities such as exploration and production, drilling and workover services, petroleum and products trade and distribution in Middle East, North Africa, Caucasus, Middle and South Asia and South America.
The flag of TPIC (photo) is white with the blue emblem of the company.
Ivan Sache, 26 November 2016
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr_tki.gif)
Flag of TKİ - Image by Tomislav Šipek, 5 February 2018
The flag of TKİ (photo) is white with the company's emblem.
Jaume Ollé, 6 February 2018
![[Flag]](../images/t/tr_tanap.gif)
Flag of TANAP - Image by Ivan Sache, 13 May 2018
The Trans-Anatolian Natural Gas Pipeline Project (Trans-Anadolu Doğalgaz
Boru Hattı - TANAP; website) was established on 24 December 2011 by the Turkish and Azerbaijani governments.
The aim of TANAP is to bring natural gas produced from Azerbaijan’s Shah
Deniz-2 gas field, and other areas of the Caspian Sea, primarily to
Turkey, but also to Europe. TANAP, along with the South Caucasus
Pipeline (SCP) and the Trans-Adriatic Pipeline (TAP), forms the elements
of the Southern Gas Corridor.
TANAP will run from the Turkish border with Georgia, beginning in the Turkish village of Türkgözü in the Posof district of Ardahan, will run through 20 provinces including Kars, Erzurum, Erzincan, Bayburt, Gümüşhane, Giresun, Sivas, Yozgat, Kırşehir, Kırıkkale, Ankara, Eskişehir, Bilecik, Kütahya, Bursa, Balıkesir, Çanakkale, Tekirdağ and Edirne until it ends at the Greek border in the İpsala district of Edirne. Two off-take stations are located within Turkey for national natural gas transmission, one located in Eskişehir and the other in Thrace. With 19 km running under the Sea of Marmara, the main pipeline within Turkey reach a total of 1850 km, along with off-take stations and aboveground installations.
The building site of the gas pipeline was inaugurated on 17 March 2015
in Kars. The shareholders are Socar (the Azerbaijani state oil company), 58%; BOTAS (the Turkish state hydrocarbon transport company), 30%; and British Petroleum (BP), 12%.
TANAP is expected to deliver 16 billion gas per year m3, subsequently
more than 30 billion m3, therefore covering 20% of the EU demand in gas.
[Le Monde, 17 March 2015]
In early 2018, TANAP was 91% built while the South-Adriatic Pipeline was
65%. The first gas within the Shah Deniz-2 project will be delivered to
Turkey in 2018, and to Europe in 2019.
[Trend, 2 February 2018]
The flag of TANAP (photo) is white with the project's emblem.
Ivan Sache, 13 May 2018