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Hungary - Military Flags

Last modified: 2024-08-31 by zachary harden
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Overview

HONVÉD means soldier this is patriotic word. The word "katona" = soldier is neutral. The word "honvéd" = soldier means "the soldier who save our country". HON = homeland VÉD = save. The new Hungarian Army in 1848 was the Magyar Honvédség. The name of the Hungarian army: between 1867-1949 Magyar Honvédség, 1949-1989 Magyar Néphadsereg (Hungarian People's Army), 1989-now Magyar Honvédség.
The Budapesti Honvéd was the football-club of the army 1949-1989. Now the name of the FC. is Kispest-Honvéd FC
Istvan Molnar, 25 November 2000

"VÉD" actually means to guard.  So, the term more correctly means "Home Guard". 
Georges Kovari, 27 November 2000

Marco Pribilla told me that the text of the law of year 2000 changes regulations regarding the naval ensign - instead of the flamullets used along the edges in 1995 law the 2000 text has triangles. The military unit flags (i.e. what would be called colors in US) are still prescribed to have flamullets, though.
- The Law LXXXIII of 1995, article 8, alinea 2, designates flamullets.
- Anex 2. of the HM (Ministry of Defence) regulation number 3/1996 where the naval ensigns are prescribed in details the trangular border is mentioned (at least it is so in the French translation I got from Pasca Vagnat.
- Law of 2000 has triangles also.
So, it may seem that the flamullets, even if they were according to the law from 1995-2000, were not used, at least not after 1996, and law of 2000 only recognized the practice.
If that is so, then the naval ensigns with flamullets are theoretical only, and those with triangles are ever used only.
Željko Heimer, 3 November 2001

Perhaps I expressed myself unclearly. Actually the triangles were prescribed in the 1995 law for the naval ensign, and nothing was changed about that in 2000. The 2000 law only concerned the permanent use of the tricolour at buildings and institutions of the state.
Marco Pribilla, 3 November 2001

I checked the laws and here is a free translation of the relevant parts:
Sec. 76§ of the Hungarian constitution states: "The flag of the Republic of Hungary consists of three equally wide horizontal stripes red white and green". No mentioning of the use, nor of any variations (e.g. for army and navy).
The 1995 law nr. LXXXIII fixes how and where to use the Hungarian coat of arms and the flag. Paragraphs 5 through 8 concern especially the flag. 7§ orders A TRICOLOUR FLAG IDENTICAL TO THE FLAG OF THE REPUBLIC (no mentioning about ratio) to be used on sea and river vessels, except for the military vessels.
Sec. 8§(1) prescribes the flag of the military units (on land) to be white with a red-and-green FLAMULLET border. The coat of arms is placed IN THE CENTER with an oak branch on its right and an olive branch on its left.
According to 8 § (2) the war ships of the Hungarian Army are to hoist a white flag with a red-and-green SAW-TEETH ("ékek") border. The coat of arms with the oak and olive branches is OFFSET TOWARDS THE HOIST SO THAT ITS VERTICAL AXIS CORRESPONDS WITH THE AXIS THAT DIVIDES THE FLAG 1:2.
The XXXVIII law of 2000 is an amendment to the 1995 law. It does not change the military and naval flags in any way. Basically it only orders state institutions to keep the tricolour permanently hoisted. This law took effect on August 20th, 2000.
Marco Pribilla, 4 November 2001

It is not a real war flag, but it is used by Hungarian Defense Forces and all units has a unit flag based on this. (Only the reverse side could be different in case of respective military units.)
But almost all military units have own distinctive flags as an organization flag (or something like that). Usually, these flags include unit insignias. There is an example, my command has a white flag with its badge. Beside this one, there is a unit flag which is identical with war flag. It is ceremonial one, and organizational unit flag is used for daily life, and hoisted over the garrisons.
I am going to collect all unit flags of HDF, (I have had some of them) and I will post them in the near future.
Normally the Hungarian state flag (currently the same as national flag) is used in front of the main buildings and main gates of military installations together with the EU flag (and NATO flag in some cases, but it is not general use, the EU flag is obligatory to be hoisted, but NATO flag is optional only.)
Zoltan Horvath, 15 January 2011

In 2001 I prepared a set of drawings, but these were not entirely correct and we had no further data at the time. However, since Zoltan cleared it out that there are errors in depictions, but I have never posted a new set of drawings, and apparently nobody other did so either.
I try now to rectify this. I asked Zoltan off list for confirmations a few days ago, but either it did not reach him, or he had no time to react to them - however, I am afraid that if I just leave them in my to-do folder, I might forget about them again.
So, here they are, and if Zoltan or anyone else have some further corrections, please feel free to do so.
The 1996 regulations prescribed these ensign and flags, amended a number of times since, but it seems that all amendments are of "administrative" nature and not regarding the design and use of these flags (HM rendelet a Magyar Honvédség jelképeiről és jelzéseiről available in amended text at http://net.jogtar.hu/jr/gen/hjegy_doc.cgi?docid=99600003.HM) The reference to amending documents are listed in footnotes fo the page.
Željko Heimer, 15 Sepember 2014

Sorry for my late answer, but I haven't done it so far, because I tried to contact with officers of River Flottila in order to request some photos of real ensigns and pennants they are using on military vessels. I uploaded these reveived photos into file section for your reference. There is no any significant changes or amendments in military flag law which deal wish their designs.
Zoltan Horvath, 04 October 2014

Military flags and symbols are regulated by a new legislation, 15/2021 Decree of Minister of Defence: https://net.jogtar.hu/jogszabaly?docid=a2100015.hm (Hungarian, but with illustrations)
Zoltan Horvath, 12 June 2024


War Ensigns

1) 4:5
image by Zoltan Horvath, 12 June 2024

2) 3:4
image by Zoltan Horvath, 12 June 2024

3) 31:40
image by Zoltan Horvath, 12 June 2024

I recently received some material, thanks to Armand, relating Hungarian military flags. "Honvéd Zászló" means Army Flag. As it would be seen from there, the Hungarian army still (or again) uses flags of similar pattern. The details of the border certainly have been changed from time to time, and if I understood the matters properly, even today they are not quite uniform. The device in the middle has been even more drastically changed through time and space.
variant (1) is used by larger ships, (2) by smaller and (3) by commanding speed boats.
Adopted: 12 April 1996. Ratio: (1) 4:5 (80X100 cm.), (2) 3:4 (60X80 cm.), (3) 31:40 (31X40 cm.)
Željko Heimer, 15 March 1999

Concerning the image at L'Album 2000 [pay00] (Fig 2. naval ensign): According to my data the ensign is used (prescribed) in ratio 3:4, 4:5 and 31:40 (the last one is not mentioned). Also, the leaves around the coat of arms is not (specifically) mentioned, though it may be that it is implied when it is stated that the coat of arms is set there. The shape of the corner pieces are not clearly described in the source.
Željko Heimer, 5 January 2001

It was made according to a photo and also according to the law on military flags in Magyar.
Armand Noel du Payrat, 12 January 2001

According to Album 2000 [pay00] - Naval Ensign. (---/--W 3:4, 31:40 and 4:5) - White flag with coat of arms with olive and oak branches set along 1/3 and with red-green flammulets along borders. As is known, this flag gets in three sizes.
Željko Heimer, 2 November 2001

Regarding the Hungarian war ensign used on military vessels, there are no leaves around the coat of arms. The regulation describes war ensign to be hoisted on the vessels of the Hungarian Army (mainly on river Danube). Hungary does not have any navy, but there is a small vessel unit as a part of the Defense Forces.
It is a white ensign with red and green wolf-teeth along the edges, with green cornerpieces (triangles), and with the coat of arms placed in the vertical axis at one-third of ensign length near to the hoist. Dimensions are: 80 x 100 cm, for smaller vessels 60 x 80 cm and for commanding boats 31 x 40 cm. (The regulation about military symbols does not mention any wreath, only in case of war flag used on land.) The ensign has 7 wolf-teeth in vertical edge and 9 in horizontal edge.
There are some images of real war ensign:
http://taboroztatas.hu/img/HTHZ-Hadilobog%C3%B3%20a%20Bodrog%20felett.JPG
http://img.index.hu/imgfrm/0/3/4/4/THM_0004310344.jpg at this page (with some vessels): forum.index.hu
Zoltan Horvath, 14 January 2011

The wide white sleeve is NOT part of the design. It is only a technical solution for small size ensigns.
Zoltan Horvath, 15 January 2011

Anyway, the three prescribed ensigns (for larger vessels, for "normal" vessels and for speed motor boats) different in overall proportions, and this is an issue regarding the design, which seems to be solved by Hungarians simply by making some "free space" between the corner elements and the horizontal row of triangles.
Here are photos of some actual ensign in use: Image1  image 2  image 3 image 4.
Željko Heimer, 15 Sepember 2014

It has three different sizes for various types of vessels (by the law), but only two of them are used (Image 1 and Image 2). They don't have any copy of the smallest version, they used only 60X80 cm version on commanding boats as well.
Zoltan Horvath, 04 October 2014

Ceremonial versions


image by Željko Heimer, 15 Sepember 2014

Beside these "simple" ensigns, there seems to be in use some kind of "ceremonial" ensigns: although I am very reluctant to call them so - it is probably just a matter of manufacture, and they would have, probably, no any other significance then the "simple" e.g. silk-screen printed ensigns. They are produced by sawing pices of fabric together, where the seam is made of golden thread, making them look  indeed "ceremonial" (and similar to military colours), and also there is tricolour cord around the flag edges. It may even be that such treatment make the flags more durable (although probably more expensive to make). At least two of above photos show such flags (the normal and small size, it appears), but for the time being, I made only one image.
Željko Heimer, 15 Sepember 2014

There is no embriodery or national-coloured edge around these ensings, and even there is no gap between the triangles in the corners. (If you can see any of them, it's a mistake of the manufacturer.)
Zoltan Horvath, 04 October 2014



image by Zoltan Horvath, 12 June 2024

Concering the image at L'Album 2000 [pay00] (Fig 6. Seniority pennant): There is not mention of the leaves around the shield, and the shape of corner peieces is unclear. Also, I don't remember seing anything defining the "wolf-teeth" along the outer edges not to be equilateral triangles.
Željko Heimer, 5 January 2001

The law states :"without tenants of branches.." , and the shape of corner pieces is unclear. the law states :"half-corners, green".
Armand Noel du Payrat, 12 January 2001

The commission pennant and the ministerial flag need no updates, I guess, but the senior officer's pennant does so very much. Although I haven't found a photo of it, the Wikipedia seems to be closer to what it might actually look like. Anyway, although these may still not be 100% correct regarding the edge and cornerpieces, they must be way better then my 2001 gifs we still display. I would be glad if we could make them even better eventually, but in the mean time, they should serve.
Željko Heimer, 15 Sepember 2014

Your image is perfect (image). I have only one comment. I prefer when you used HUN CoA version of your 2001 renditions, because it seems to be more black-contoured crown on recently posted ensings than previous ones. This pennant is used when a commander stays on aboard of a vessel who has higher rank than its original commander (except the Minister of Defense, who has an own pennant).
Zoltan Horvath, 04 October 2014


War Pennant


image by Zoltan Horvath, 12 June 2024

Adopted 12 April 1996. Ratio: 21:200 (21X200 cm.)
Željko Heimer, 24 March 1998

Concering the image at L'Album 2000 [pay00] (Fig. 8. War pennant): I think (at least that's how I interpret it) that the tricolour is not "diminishing" towards the fly, but that the stripes are perpendicular to hoist (so that the fly end is white only). I may be wrong here, also. prescribed ratio for the pennant is 21:200.
Željko Heimer, 5 January 2001

According to Album 2000 [pay00] - Masthead Pennant - Red-white-green triangular long pennant, prescribed in size as 21 cm x 200 cm.
Željko Heimer, 2 November 2001

I received two pictures (Image 1 and Image 2) of two different versions. The first one seems to be the official version what is directed by law, it is long and narrow, but the other variant is shorter and only its end becomes narrower. It is used for smaller vessels.
Zoltan Horvath, 04 October 2014


Hungarian Defence Forces


image by Zoltan Horvath, 29 April 2012

The Hungarian Defence Forces (HDF) has a flag, it is widely used, but there is no any official legislation (at least I have not found yet). Its flag is white with HDF logo in the center of the flag. Inscription means: For Homeland (above) and Hungarian name of HDF: Magyar Honvédség. The emblem is a yellow eagle grasping a sword, with oak laurel and Hungarian national coloured shield.
This flag is not replaced the so called military units' flag or war flag of Hungary. It is used as an organizational flag of HDF.
More information about HDF (in English): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_of_Hungary
Image of flag: http://www.hsz.hu/rovatok/akt/kereset0420/DSC_0027.jpg at: http://www.hsz.hu/rovatok/akt/kereset0420/
Zoltan Horvath, 29 April 2012


Joint Forces Command


image by Zoltan Horvath, 2 March 2010

Joint Forces Command of Hungarian Defense Forces (HDF JFC) was established in 2007, as the legal successor of the Land Force Command and the Air Force Command abolished, and taking over certain tasks of the Joint Forces Logistics and Support Command, the Signal and Informatics Command of the Hungarian Defence Forces, the Operation Command Headquarters, and that of the Medical Command of the Hungarian Defence Forces (these latter were also abolished). HDF JFC is a medium level command & control military organisation with an independent staff table and a legal status of higher operational unit. The founder of HDF JFC is the Minister of Defence, its supervisory body is the Ministry of Defence. HDF JFC operates under the direct subordination of the Chief of Defense Staff.
Joint Forces Command is located in Székesfehérvár. It supervises 21 military units including all combat forces (land and air forces) and some logistics units.
More information (in English) at <www.hm.gov.hu>.
Its flag is white with its circular emblem in the middle of the flag. Elements of emblem are royal orb on a red and white striped shield (symbol of the city), eagle and swords (representing military forces). Inscription is Hungarian name of the Command and its location city. Proportions of flag are 2:3.
Zoltan Horvath, 2 March 2010


Military Unit Flag


image by Zoltan Horvath, 12 June 2024

Adopted: 12-APR-1996. Ratio: 6:7 (120x140 cm)
Use: military units of level of a brigade, regiment, detached battalion (group), Military River Fleet and others.
Željko Heimer

Here is a photo of Hungarian Military Unit Flag.
Istvan Molnar, 6 September 2001

5th Bocskai István Motorized Rifleman's Brigade


reverse side
image by Istvan Molnar, 21 October 2001

The symbol and the flag of the "Magyar Honvédség 5. Bocskai István Gépesített Lövészdandár 1. Harckocsi Zászlóalj" ("Hungarian Army 5th Bocskai István Motorized Rifleman's Brigade 1st Tank Battalion"). The flag was given by the Pro Patria Foundation of Debrecen City. One side of the flag is blue on the center there is the coat of arms of Debrecen, the other side is the military unit flag with the unit emblem.
Photos can be seen at here, here and here (with the unit emblem). Bigger emblem can be seen here.
Istvan Molnar, 4 August 2001

HDF Supporting Brigade


image by Zoltan Horvath, 29 April 2012

The HDF Supporting Brigade (MH Támogató Dandár) is a military unit directly subordinated to Chief of Defence Staff. Its mission is to provide logistic, communication, and ceremonial, etc. support for all military units and institutions in Budapest.
Its flag is white with its logo in the middle of the flag. Its emblem is a Budapest map coloured with national colours and charged with Chain Bridge. It is surrounded by a green laurel, name of the brigade is written above and under the emblem. One six-pointed star means that this unit is commanded by a one-star general.
Image of flag: http://www.honvedelem.hu/container/gallery/01_1324058535.jpg (on right side)
Zoltan Horvath, 29 April 2012